Simplification in Translation

Many experts define translated texts into three kinds based on contrastive analysis between translations and its source language. One of them is simplification. According to Toury (1995: 181), simplification is tentatively defined as the tendency to simplify the language used in translation. The phenomena in simplification are shortened sentences, simpler structure, and less ambiguous expression. According to Simensen in Crossley et al (2007: 16), simplified texts are texts written (a) to illustrate a specific language feature, such as the use of modals or the third-person singular verb form; (b) to modify the amount of new lexical input introduced to learners; or (c) to control for propositional input, or a combination thereof. In addition, simplified texts are often seen as valuable aids to learning because they accurately reflect what the reader already knows about language and have the capacity to extend this knowledge (Davies and Widdowson in Crossley et al, 2007: 16). Simplified texts also contain increased redundancy and amplified explanation (Kuo in Crossley et al, 2007: 16). The validity of simplification was confirmed by comparison made between Source Text and Target Text.  Simplification brings many consequences. It can make the target reader understand the text more easily or it also can make the target reader dissatisfied.